Decoding Black Hole: The Darkest Place Of Universe

Dedcode Black Hole: The Darkest Place of Universe

A region of spacetime exhibiting strong gravitational effects in which nothing, not even single particle and electromagnetic radiation such as light can escape from inside it is known as Black Hole. The boundary of the region from which no escape is possible is called the event horizon.

General relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole. No locally detectable features appears to be observed. The event horizon has an enormous effect on the fate and circumstances of an object crossing it. Black hole acts like an ideal body in many ways as it reflects no light.

Also, theory of quantum field in curved spacetime predicts that event horizons emit Hawking radiation with the same spectrum as black body of a temperature inversely proportional to it's mass. Making it essentially impossible to observe, this temperature is on the order of billionth's of a kelvin for black holes of stellar mass.

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In 18th century, objects whose gravitational fields are too strong for light to escape were first considered by Jhon Michell & Pierre-Simon Laplace.

Karl Schwarzschild

Karl Schwarzschild in 1916, found the first modern solution of general relativity that would characterize a black hole although its interpretation as a region of space from which nothing can escape was first published by David Finkelstein in 1958.It was during the 1960s that theoretical work showed they were a generic prediction of general relativity.

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Earlier black holes were considered as a mathematical curiosity. In the late 1960s the discovery of neutron stars sparked interest in gravitationally collaspsed compact objects as a possible astrophysical reality. After a black hole has formed, it can continue to grow by absorbing mass from it's surroundings. Black holes off stellar mass are expected to form when very massive stars collapse at the end of their life cycle.

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Matter that falls onto a black hole can form an external accretion disk heated by friction, forming some of the brightest objects in the universe. Despite its invisible interior, the presence of a black hole can be inferred through its interaction with other matter and with electromagnetic radiation such as visible light. With the help of other stars orbiting a black hole their orbits can be used to determine the black hole's mass and loaction.

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In this way, astronomers have identified numerous stellar black hole in binary systems and established that the radio source known as Sagittarius A*, at the core of our own Milky Way galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole of about 4.3 million solar masses.